Certified Storm Water Operator Practice Exam

Which component can be mixed with droughty soil to improve its condition?

1. Sand

2. Organic matter

3. Clay

4. Rock minerals

The correct answer is: Organic matter

Mixing organic matter with droughty soil is highly effective for improving its condition. Organic matter, such as compost, well-rotted manure, or leaf litter, enhances the soil's ability to retain moisture, which is critical for plants, especially in dry conditions. It improves soil structure, aeration, and drainage, allowing for better root penetration and access to nutrients. Furthermore, organic matter serves as a reservoir of nutrients. As it decomposes, it releases essential nutrients to the soil, fostering a healthier environment for plant growth. Additionally, organic matter can help support beneficial microbial life in the soil, which contributes to nutrient cycling and overall soil health. While sand can improve drainage, it is not effective at retaining moisture and can lead to dry conditions. Clay can hold water but may also compact the soil and restrict drainage, leading to poor aeration for plant roots. Rock minerals might provide some nutrients but do not significantly improve moisture retention or soil structure like organic matter does. Thus, incorporating organic matter is the most beneficial practice for enhancing droughty soil.