Certified Storm Water Operator Practice Exam

The primary function of a constructed wetland is to treat stormwater through natural filtration processes. Constructed wetlands are engineered systems designed to mimic the natural processes of wetlands, which are known for their ability to filter pollutants from water. These systems utilize the physical, biological, and chemical interactions that occur in wetland environments to reduce contaminants such as sediments, nutrients, and pathogens in stormwater runoff.

The design of a constructed wetland typically includes a series of shallow, vegetated areas where water can flow slowly, allowing for sedimentation and microbial activity. The plants and microorganisms in these systems play a crucial role in breaking down harmful substances and absorbing nutrients, thereby improving water quality before it is discharged into nearby bodies of water or infiltrated into groundwater.

This natural approach not only addresses water quality concerns but also can enhance the overall health of the ecosystem. While options such as providing recreational space, storing excess rainwater for agriculture, and enhancing biodiversity may occur as secondary benefits, they are not the primary purpose of constructed wetlands. The key focus remains on stormwater treatment, making option B the correct answer.